Milled carbon fiber for plastic reinforcement-Mechanism of Action of Carbon Fiber Powder Reinforced Plastics
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Load Transfer: After uniform dispersion, carbon fiber powder acts as a "rigid skeleton" to bear external loads and reduce the deformation of the plastic matrix. When the addition amount is 10%-20%, the tensile strength of the composite material can be increased by 50%-150%, and the flexural modulus can be increased by 100%-300%.
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Inhibition of Crack Propagation: The high tear resistance of carbon fiber powder can block the spread of cracks in the plastic matrix and improve the impact resistance (for example, after adding 15% carbon fiber powder to PA6, the notched impact strength is increased by about 30%).
The thermal expansion coefficient of carbon fiber powder (1-2×10⁻⁶/℃) is much lower than that of plastics (for example, the thermal expansion coefficient of PP is 100×10⁻⁶/℃), which can significantly reduce the thermal deformation rate of the composite material and increase the heat distortion temperature (HDT). For example, after adding 20% carbon fiber powder to POM, the HDT increases from 170℃ to above 220℃.
Conductivity and Antistatic Property: The addition of carbon fiber powder reduces the volume resistivity of insulating plastics (such as PE) from 10¹⁶Ω・cm to 10²-10⁶Ω・cm, meeting the antistatic requirements of electronic equipment.
Optimization of Wear Resistance: The rigid particle filling effect of carbon fiber powder reduces the wear on the friction surface, and the wear rate can be reduced by 50%-80% (for example, the wear rate of PA+15% CF is only 1/5 of that of pure PA).
Adaptation Schemes of Typical Plastic Matrices and Carbon Fiber Powder
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Application Scenarios: Automotive gears, bearing cages, high-pressure valve components.
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Formula Design: Adding 10%-30% carbon fiber powder (particle size 5-15μm, surface amination treatment) can increase the tensile strength of PA6 from 75MPa to over 120MPa, while reducing water absorption (to minimize dimensional changes).
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Application Scenarios: Aerospace structural parts, medical implants, high-temperature bearings.
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Technical Points: The melting temperature of PEEK (343℃) is close to the oxidation temperature of carbon fibers. It is necessary to use carbon fiber powder with an anti-oxidation coating (such as nickel-plated or silicon-plated). When the addition amount is controlled at 15%-25%, the flexural modulus of PEEK can be increased from 3.8GPa to over 8GPa.
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